![]() ![]() Nelson’s trout is the southernmost rainbow trout subspecies, and its distribution is restricted to the Baja California Peninsula. chrysogaster, from the Sierra Madre Occidental (SMO) and Nelson’s trout, O. However, only two species were formally recognized: the Mexican golden trout, O. In Mexico, only the genus Oncorhynchus Suckley (Actinopterygii: Salmoniformes: Salmonidae) has native representatives with a wide distribution. The genus Oncorhynchus and five other genera ( Brachymystax, Parahucho, Hucho, Salmo, and Salvelinus) comprise the subfamily Salmoninae. Consequently, there is great interest in the genetic features of mitochondrial DNA, which can be informative for stock identification, management, conservation, and population studies. Salmonid fish are commercially important, widely used in aquaculture, and have been introduced in 83 countries. This family includes three subfamilies: Salmoninae (salmons, trouts, and charrs), Coregoninae (ciscoes and whitefishes), and Thymallinae (graylings). Phylogenies using mitogenomes from each of the genera of the family Salmonidae have recently been published. For the family Salmonidae, phylogenetic relationships have been reconstructed to understand the evolutionary history of behavioral, life history, and ecological traits. These phylomitogenomic analyses have also been used to resolve a persistent debate about higher-level relationships among teleost fishes or lower-level relationships within species complexes. Recently, whole mitochondrial genome studies have been proposed as a valuable tool for phylogenetic inferences and the modeling of genome evolution. In past decades, it was common to use short mitochondrial gene fragments to resolve phylogenetic relationships at different taxonomic levels. mykiss nelsoni share common ancestry with North American trout species. ![]() mykiss nelsoni are sister species, contrary to the expectation that O. The origin of the light-strand replication has a loop that was especially large in O. mykiss subspecies, which were identical between the two study taxa. Nine tRNA genes showed slight differences relative to other O. Selective pressure analysis in the PCGs indicated that purifying selection, mainly among cox and nd genes families, likely generated the main differences between the two studied species. ![]() The length of the D-loop regions was among the longest found in Salmonids, and mitochondrial synteny in both species was identical to that reported in other Salmonids. The mitogenomes were 16,655 bp and 16,661 bp long, respectively, and were composed of 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs), two ribosomal RNA genes, and 22 transfer RNA genes (all with typical ‘cloverleaf’ secondary structures). mykiss nelsoni, were assembled and characterized. In this study, the complete mitochondrial genomes of the Mexican golden trout, Oncorhynchus chrysogaster, and Nelson’s trout, O. ![]()
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